Stone, minerals and semiprecious of the world stone
Carbonate: Trona, throna, throne (urao) -->rus

   Diagnostic cart.

   Na₃ H (CO₃)₂ * 2 (H₂O)
   Crystal structure monoclinic
   Hardness on the Mohs scale 2,5-3
   Specific unit weight mass 2,17
   Cleavage perfect absolute on pinacoidal
   Colors colourless or rather yellow-grey
   Colors in powder triturate white
   Glance (glitter, glare) glassy brilliant, poorly expressed

   Throne (there is other name - "urao") crystallized in monoclinic Crystal structure. Be found as prismatic tablets (colourless) or crusts and efflorescences of rather yellow-grey color. Cleavage perfect absolute on pinacoidal.

   Diagnostic indication.

   Dissolves in muriatic acid, on air not dehydrated.

   Origin provenance genesis.

   It mineral of evaporite genesis. It appears as a result of crystallization of the saturated alkaline solutions, exposed to intensive evaporation. Be found mainly in a arid region area, having little or no rain, dry, parched with heat, where the deposits of salt-pans appear during great while.

   Deposit minefield mine and use.

   Large deposits found out thrones in the state Wyoming WY (USA), where they are developed in industrial scales for the receipt preparation of soda, and also in Egypt, Venezuela, Libya. Throne in an association with other minerals (such, as Halite, Mine Rock Salt, gypsum, tenardite, termonatite and natural soda) be found in many places of Africa (lake of Children, Tanzania, Somali) and in Asia. Beautiful crystals are marked in the deposits of Boraks-leyk in California and Soda-leyk in Nevada (USA). In Italy (EU) of throne discovered in emptinesses of lavas on the slopes of Vesuvius. Used in industry for the receipt preparation acquisition of soda. Tenardite. Easily dissolving in water mineral of bitterly-salt taste, used as raw material for a soda, glass and some other industries of industry.